Hydro Volt AS plans to establish the recycling facility in Fredrikstad, Norway, with expected production start in 2021. The 50/50 joint venture is established between the Norway-based global aluminium company Hydro and Northvolt, a leading European battery manufacturer based in Sweden.

“We are excited about the opportunities this represents. Hydro Volt AS can handle aluminium from end-of-life batteries as part of our total metal value chain, contribute to the circular economy and at the same time lessen the climate footprint from the metal we supply,” says Arvid Moss, Executive Vice President for Energy and Corporate Development in Hydro.

A formal investment decision in the recycling pilot plant is expected shortly, and the investment is estimated at around NOK 100 million on a 100% basis. Output from the planned battery recycling plant in Fredrikstad will include so-called black mass and aluminum, which will be transported to Northvolt’s and Hydro’s plants, respectively. Other products from the recycling process will be sold to scrap metal buyers and other off-takers.

Enabling urban mining

The pilot recycling facility will be highly automated and designed for crushing and sorting batteries. It will have capacity to process more than 8,000 tonnes of batteries per year, with an option of expanding capacity later.

In a second phase, the battery recycling facility could handle a considerable share of the commercial volumes from lithium-ion batteries in the electric vehicle fleet throughout Scandinavia.

A typical EV (electric vehicle) battery pack may contain more than 25% aluminium, totaling about 70-100 kg aluminium per pack. The aluminium retrieved from the new plant will be sent to Hydro’s recycling operations, enabling more production of low-carbon Hydro CIRCAL products.

By establishing this facility in Norway, Hydro Volt AS can access and handle battery recycling directly in the most mature EV market in the world, while reducing the number of batteries sent out of the country. The Norwegian company Batteriretur, located in Fredrikstad, will supply batteries to the recycling plant and is also planned as operator of the pilot plant.

Strategic fit

The launch of the battery recycling joint venture follows Hydro’s investment in Northvolt in 2019. It will further strengthen the partnership between the battery manufacturer and the aluminum company.

“Northvolt has set a target for 50% of our raw material in 2030 coming from recycled batteries. The partnership with Hydro is an important piece of the puzzle to secure an external feed of material before our own batteries begin reaching end-of-life and are returned back to us,” says Emma Nehrenheim, Chief Environmental Officer responsible for the Revolt recycling business unit at Northvolt.

For Hydro, the partnership also represents an opportunity to ensure that aluminium from Hydro will be used in tomorrow’s batteries and battery system.

“We expect a considerable increase in the use of batteries going forward, with subsequent need for sustainable handling of used batteries. This represents a new step into an industry with considerable potential and will enhance recycling of materials. Hydro Volt adds to our portfolio of battery initiatives, which already include investments in both Northvolt and Corvus, where we can leverage our aluminium and recycling know-how,” says Moss.